**TI83F* AppVariable file 07/27/04, 18:32= =PHYSHIST==G9LV^qv us?|!m$%'),D/1a6:<HistoryofPhysicsSeanBird3.14.05CovenantChristianArchimedes 8.ﷺC߻AF?D ?"$ Oo  I&PBOTQwIWS4Jk"t%hz *VwO u ~AOs A%ȓq{A_k";Uh|UDj_ߦ8*?UQ[b &pQO4j O_* / U܀@4444#4ArchimedesPArchimedes(287-212BC)Inventor&mathematicianofSyracuse.Hediscoveredtheratiooftheradiustothecircumference.#Demonstratedthe*hydrostaticlawknowas1Archimedes'Principle.PDiscoveredtheformulasforsurfaceandvolumeofacylinderandofasphere.Inventedmachineswhichaidedinthedefenceof#Syracuseagainstthe*Romans.P sPtolemy 8.`!`@ p d7+O@s/v`@-xK@R@t}yX$A뵿Q'_L[м߇(&H< ,\:oϟzv޿zg_5Galileo555#5*515P 8IjY%@ 墉 A$@IJP<@@B46@" 1@\A()@Y"!@>"@@}@uF@nH   @6*Ry @J @鄫@@ 1  )@@  ХcD@ EH)V)@xJT$bP@oP @  @P '@ @ n0$BJ@DEP@@骃Rt^hT@ȯD vo@~Zn@$4Q@wa8_ (@g̔@0ھH::@>;V&^ݲ~OOOOO#O*O1OP 8. `0  @ `0 4@(@D1!1l]X q @AP͈ah AA@(@ Sj+2#C %C( 3 ABd%5  4PGalileoGalileiItaly1564-1642,16-17thCAstronomer&Physicist.Discoveredisochronismof#thependulum;*demonstratedacceleration1offallingbodydoesNOTPdependonMASSCosntructedtelescopes,discovedJupiter'smoons,observedsunspotsandmountainousnatureofmoon.#SupporterofCopernican*theory.1P +Pascal 84 >0@ #pz0\ |gT_X_!P\( w֘74\y/}/BZU^Z o+,OO/_.;]"2?[?9Gm/*7CuO}~/B[{OͿ_[*\!z2 oʻO%Z:Pascal:::#:*:1:P 8/U jP@I@ R@"AP 0J@  $     BW B4@z_"H!bE $@@g HZ@  T A@ Z  ^+ K@.,55PBlaisePascal(1623-62)Frenchscientist,mathematician,philosopherContributedtohydraulics,#puregeometry,laidthe*foundationforthetheory1ofprobability-uponwhichPLeibnizdiscoverscalculusHismostfamouswork,'Penses',persuadesfreethinkerstothetruthofChristianity,broadly#exploresthelimitsof*reasonandthefunctionof1imagination-Pascal'sPwagerP Newton 8,ETZi}e5Vjްz"UmMPdUPAYjzRE$ୠIt괄ԛPN%@`J]EPEв" WR $#Ukڠ]MPjAR` ##!PEM`&kB*RP+o`h4#$pP0\ET5Q0E|P$*L`|(`]STPV*m`UP+|Ъ0I{`[?Pk۰^k]SmkumVxխ`}pt*]T[poZ^k=PSvкr7p2222#2Newton*212P 8.@" :88 4C ,@*z`@@@`@@*@ 2 fsK. U  B@) @XHBX p`@ !ġ v$C X,) (3E !TR CXv4OȠ4`z(pX "i$!@(@ @4PSirIsaacNewton,England1642-1727,17-18thCentMathematician,physicist,astronomer,&philosopher.Authorof#'Optics'&'Principia'*3lawsofmotion,inverse1squarelawofgravitation-PUniversalLawofGravity,discovereddispersionoflightintoacolorSpectrumbyrefractionthroughaprism.Inventedreflecting#telescope.Discovered*differentialCalculusatthe1sametimeasLeibniz.PBernoulli" 8.wN ؀ @(-@@@_ _nU ʞ@ I@ " @/5@AV6CQ%VWGՠW @`?2{J-GJP5H=TXje4Daniel4Bernoulli44#4*414P 8-^ PADB@  @A )  @`a p HJ U@hd@ ZtdH@A * R@IG !!AB  @G  H)@GA@BWQ" K4P/33Johann3Bernoulli33#3*313P 8/Zվ׿}{m[wo}ioz^k۷uz]ݠB] {_YE_f? M{ } wV*}_H$^ 9m]H/ k4ڱ|B7[=_E Ԡ@&BBI{@ W~omߵ}mfm5Jacob5BernoulliPSwissfamilyofDutchextraction,severalmembersmadedistinguishedcontributionstophysicsand#mathematics.Jacob*(1654-1705)analytical1geometry.brotherJohannP(1667-1748)discoveredexponentialcalculusandamethodofintegratingrationalfunctions.Johanne'ssonDaniel#(1700-1782)developedthe*kinetictheoryofgases.P Euler 807?O'> ^@60:_H/` oh/' N  ;N3׫mkwNh][bՌ@IBN_C/"G#mTEB2-_(Cu TATC44Faraday4PMichaelFaraday,1791-1867EnglishphysicalscientistDiscovered#electromagneticinduction*andmanyotherimportant1electricalandmagneticPphenomena.P Maxwell 81@HPB(Q!A D% J U@( H @2 D *R D58!)έ0 xZ$D '$QEUK @BK@f @TA!,T M@z:$*[*-IIIR7"VJ)X-jD*T*Ivv8ҍZ*-w7l֢kV}W5{VyZߪ/ ;<[I2 [^m'2uWdfI*ZDiR(%RTH777Maxwell7#7*717P 6/2@     (88 _ PƁ @ $@P8c P@>@_8  @` K0`(UXLr:A;HB P, 5PJamesClerkMaxwell19thC1831-1879,ScottishmathematicalphysicistFatherofElectromagnetism#Explainedtheringsof*Saturnandthekinetic1theoryofgases.PMaxwellwroteasthebasisforacademicsstudy,"I believe,withtheWest-minsterDivinesandtheirpredessorsadInfinitum,that'Man'schielfendis!toglorifyGodandto&enjoyhimforever.'"P Planck 8)YV'{RkʦڀjYĢ v*NV {BHA5A J=@AmJ ($ՊĀp8BՀR DpJ @&Ͳ.X@69*AJ% +l%"O !+QIBT(;0Hn/zߐku0ZzouQ*UH5Lz'z֘m^)wn4W}:2M݀vԵkͮzdR////Planck#/*/1/P 8*???@?????????8?@*N?D?0 ??P?0 @ ?LF?!i? J????@( ? @?U??A? ?0 ?B?@? & ??@@????????0PMaxKarlErnstLudwigPlank(1858-1947)Germanphysicist.Propoundedquantumtheoryin1900.Received#NobelPrize-1918.*h=6.626E-34JsP Einstein 82̀Wj@% {@"H(0P @H *M"{Kj ^D""dU$lj @t_@@`#@mzU}Z ذ3ioW@k~޲@o{iZkot}WuwjZ]W@@uR@ހ)kDWV@ H* L (@ !@8Einstein8PAlbertEinstein,1879-1955MathematicalphysicistofGermanbirth,becameAmericancitizen(in1940)Special&generaltheory#ofRelativity,Brownian*motion,Photoelectric1effect(NobelPrize)P CREDITSInfotakenfrom"TheNewLexiconWebster'sDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage-EncyclopedicEdition"1989NewYork#*Picturescompressedfrom1St.AndrewsPMathBiographiesPP!