Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or
phrase to make the sentence or statement true.
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| 1. | A
net force produces a change in motion. _________________________
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| 2. | Newton’s second law is often called the law of inertia.
_________________________
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| 3. | The
acceleration of an object is equal to the force multiplied by the mass.
_________________________
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| 4. | The
rate of change of the distance of an object is called its acceleration.
_________________________
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| 5. | The
area under the line of a speed versus time graph represents the distance traveled by a moving
object. _________________________
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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| 6. | The
inertia of an object is related to its: A | mass and speed. | B | mass and
force. | C | mass only. | D | speed
only. | | |
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| 7. | If an
object is accelerated, all of the following may occur EXCEPT: A | a change of
speed. | B | a change of direction. | C | it remains
motionless. | D | a change of direction and speed. | | |
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| 8. | The
newton is defined as the: A | force of gravity acting on a one kilogram object at
Earth’s surface. | B | force that can give a 1-kilogram mass an acceleration of 1
m/sec2. | C | speed of an object when under the influence of Earth’s
gravitational field. | D | mass of an object that is accelerated at a rate of 1
m/sec2. | | |
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| 9. | All
of the following examples of motion can be caused by a force EXCEPT a: A | car moving
around a corner at 30 miles per hour. | B | boat speeding down a lake at 100 kilometers per
hour. | C | skateboarder rolling to a stop. | D | motorcycle
accelerating from 0 to 70 miles per hour in 4.2 seconds. | | |
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| 10. | The
term that best describes the motion of an object that is slowing down is: A | free
fall. | B | gravity. | C | deceleration. | D | uniform. | | |
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| 11. | Acceleration of an object must be caused by a force that is: A | positive. | B | zero. | C | negative. | D | not zero. | | |
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| 12. | The
metric unit of force preferred by scientists is the: A | kilogram. | B | newton. | C | mima. | D | pound. | | |
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| 13. | Jill
glances at the speedometer on her bicycle as she begins to roll downhill with a pail of water. It
indicates she is traveling at 12 miles per hour when she initially looks at it and 20 miles per hour
4 seconds later. Her acceleration is: A | 2 mph/sec. | B | 3
mph/sec. | C | 5 mph/sec. | D | 8
mph/sec. | | |
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| 14. | A
ball with a mass of 1 kilogram is moving in a straight line at the same speed as a ball with a mass
of 10 kilograms. What must be true of the force required to stop the balls? A | It takes the
same force to stop both balls because they are moving at the same speed. | B | It takes more
force to stop the 10 kilogram ball because it has more inertia. | C | It takes more
force to stop the 1 kilogram ball because it has more inertia. | D | The forces
required to stop the balls cannot be determined from the information given. | | |
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| 15. | When
you throw a ball up in the air, it travels up and then stops instantaneously before falling back
down. At the point where it stops and changes direction to fall back down its: A | acceleration is
zero. | B | velocity is zero. | C | force is
zero. | D | mass is zero. | | |
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| 16. | A
bungee jumper falls off a tower and travels 2 seconds before the bungee cord starts to slow her down.
What was her average velocity in free fall? A | 4.9 m/sec | B | 9.8
m/sec | C | 14.5 m/sec | D | 19.6
m/sec | | |
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| 17. | A
ball is dropped off the roof of a tall building. If the ball reaches the ground in 3 seconds, how
tall is the building? A | 9.8 meters | B | 14.7
meters | C | 29.4 meters | D | 44.1
meters | | |
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| 18. | Terminal speed occurs when: A | the air resistance of an object
increases. | B | an object starts to slow down due to air
resistance. | C | the force of gravity is balanced by the air resistance of an
object. | D | the acceleration due to gravity equals
zero. | | |
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| 19. | An
object is dropped from rest and falls downward for 3 seconds. What is its average
speed? A | 1.6
m/sec | B | 9.8 m/sec | C | 14.7
m/sec | D | 29.4 m/sec | | |
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| 20. | The
slope of the line of a graph is calculated by: A | dividing the change in the horizontal values by the change in
the vertical values. | B | multiplying the change in the horizontal values by the change
in the vertical values. | C | dividing the change in the vertical values by the change in the
horizontal values. | D | multiplying the change in the vertical values by the change in
the horizontal values. | | |
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Completion
Complete each sentence or
statement.
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| | 21. | The
motion of an object will continue in the same direction at the same speed unless the object is acted
upon by a ____________________.
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| | 22. | The
amount of matter an object has is called its ____________________.
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| | 23. | The
mass of a body is the only property of that body that determines its
____________________.
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| | 24. | The
metric unit most often used by scientists to measure force is the ____________________.
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| | 25. | The
amount of change in the speed of an object divided by the amount of time it took to change the speed
represents ____________________.
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| | 26. | An
object accelerating toward Earth under only the influence of the force of gravity is said to be in
____________________ (two words).
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| | 27. | The
ratio of the “rise” (vertical change) to the “run” (horizontal change) of the
best-fit line on a graph represents the ____________________ of the graph.
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Short Answer
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You
are a passenger sitting in the right side of a traveling car. The driver swerves to the left to avoid
hitting a deer in the road. Answer the following questions about the motion you
experience.
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| | 28. | What
motion would you experience as the passenger in the car?
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| | 29. | Using
Newton’s first law, explain the your motion as a passenger in the right side of the
car.
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| | 30. | Using
Newton’s second law, explain the your motion as a passenger in the right side of the
car.
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| | 31. | Describe two ways in which the motion of a body could be changed to cause it to
accelerate. Give an example of each.
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| | 32. | Describe the difference between a positive and a negative acceleration.
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| | 33. | When
you throw a ball up in the air, it travels up and then stops instantaneously before falling back
down. Describe its velocity and acceleration at the point where it stops and changes direction to
fall back down.
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| | 34. | When
you drop a sheet of crumpled paper and a sheet of flat paper off a table at the same time, why does
the flat sheet of paper hit the ground later?
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| | 35. | How
can the distance a sprinter has run be determined from a graph of the sprinters’s speed versus
time? Assume the x-axis represents zero speed.
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| | 36. | The
motion of a car is represented by a speed versus time graph. The line of the graph slopes down from
left to right. What is the car doing?
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Problem
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| | 37. | In
the graph below, the acceleration of an object is plotted against the net force on the object. What
is the mass of the object?
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| | 38. | What
is the average speed of a ball thrown downward with an initial speed of 4.9 m/sec that falls for 0.5
seconds? How far does the ball fall?
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Essay
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| | 39. | Explain the difference between the mass and the weight of an object.
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| | 40. | The
law of inertia states that no force is required to maintain the motion of a moving object. Explain
why you must continue to pedal your bicycle even on a level surface to keep it moving.
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